Educational Psychology Next Generation Essay - 1394 Words

Introduction Tomorrow’s leaders are sitting in desks, roaming the halls, and hanging out with friends. They are being influenced by the people around them. Their social development today impacts their roles in society tomorrow. Prevention clubhouses are working to target at risk youth and empower them to make a difference. One of these dedicated facilities is located in Northeast Georgia. Next Generation Prevention Clubhouse is impacting adolescents through positive social development. Next Generation also uses teaching styles that are student driven. I was fortunate enough to get to observe how this takes place and its relation to educational psychology. Next Generation Youth Clubhouse Next Generation is one of three youth clubhouses in Georgia. The clubhouse targets 6th to 12th grade students in Dawson County. The afterschool program focuses on positive youth development. This is done through projects in STEaM (science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics) fields, life skills activities, and promoting community service. Next Generation is building up new leaders. I observed activities and lessons done at the clubhouse for my 20 hours of field experience. Most students were between sixth and 10th grade. There was a mix of boys and girls attending the clubhouse. Attendance is completely optional though encouraged for students who meet program requirements. My Field Experience: Connections to Educational Psychology (1)As an education major, I had heard andShow MoreRelatedThe Hurried Child1213 Words   |  5 Pagesmuch of the wrong things. Parents and the general society are pushing this generation to becoming mini-adults that seem mature, but is not yet developed enough to actually be mature. As a result, the children become frustrated and stressed, leading to the development of disabilities and disorders. Parents and society needs to not only become aware of, but to also take charge of the mental condition of the next generation. The term â€Å"hurried child syndrome† is defined by the Urban Dictionary as â€Å"aRead MoreConcept Of Well Being As Defined By The Center For Disease Control And Prevention1109 Words   |  5 Pages 2005) THE â€Å"THREE GENERATIONS APPROACH† In order to establish the relation between these scales of well being and the extent of human rights, an attempt is required to narrow down the Universal Human Rights as propounded in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). This can be achieved by adopting the â€Å"Three-Generation Approach† to segregating the existing Human Rights stated in the UDHR. In 1979, Karel Vasak introduced a systematic theory of â€Å"The Third Generation of Human Rights.† TheRead MoreStudent-Teacher Relationships in Teacher Program Education s629 Words   |  3 Pagesshould have been better to tell the Student Teacher to prepare more consciously the key concepts of the lesson next time. We agree. But we also believe that any form of knowledge should be considered valid as far as it is useful when dealing with practical situations. For us we have in this example, in the very end, an expert teacher’s rule of thumb to solve the problem quickly the next time the Student Teach er might face a similar situation. If the mentor teacher, as expert, recommend using thatRead MoreCognitive Development Theory Essay1691 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Constructivism†. In constructivism it is not the world, or society that is developing a child but it is the child that is taking in information and constructing themselves with the information that the society they live in has accumulated over previous generations. Jean Piaget’s (1896-1980) theory of constructivism states that children are only able to learn up to a certain level of development and once a biological mile stone mark has been reached then they will be able to take in new information andRead MoreAre Bilinguals Smarter Than Monolinguals Essay833 Words   |  4 Pages2012). Bilinguals are thought to be smarter than Monolinguals (Rubio-Fernà ¡ndez amp; Glucksberg, 2012). Smartness is a measure of successfulness in their education (Hatt, 2007, p. 146). Because of this, there is a debate to decide whether the next generation of children should be exposed to a Bilingual education. This has led to research into whether Bilingual education slows the learning of literacy and numeracy (Barnett, Yarosz, Thomas, Jung, amp; Blanco, 2007). Research has also looked at specificRead MoreHow Offspring Education Level Improve Parents Longevity1622 Words   |  7 Pagesof family members is an important factor linked to the longevity of older adults in this case to their parents. According to the chart, offspring and parents obtain similar levels of schooling. Resulting that parents can impact their offspring educational outcomes. For respondent’s schooling with less than a high school diploma, an average of 18% of their offspring have less than a high school diploma, one-half completed high school, 16% have some college, and 16% have a college degree or more (FigRead MoreMaking Our School Systems Eco Friendly1149 Words   |  5 Pages Our generation today is known as the starter generation when it comes to sustainability. We are just now becoming economically aware and starting to change our ways to help the environment. That might mean we are starting to be smarter about our means of transportation or it might mean that we are making more of an effort to recycle. Either way we are starting to make strides towards reducing our carbon footprint. While it is great that our generation is doing these things, it is extremely importantRead MoreWhy Philosophy, Sociology, and Psychology of Education Play an Important role in the Development of Youngs Abilities, Knowledge, and Personality632 Words   |  2 Pagesa form of learning in which the knowledge, skills, and habits of a group of people are transferred from one generation to the next through teaching, training, or research. Moreover, education can develop human being to gain the ability, knowledge, and personality. Thus, the study in foundation of education conte xt provides three significant roles such as philosophy, sociology, and psychology of education. 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There is a reason why both homeschooling and public schools exist and its feasible that we analyze the motives behind both educational track. John Holt promoted the alternative schooling movement around the 1970’s. Holt discouraged parents from enrolling there kids in public schools. He warned families that school were centered around factory like learning that rendered students

Many Banks Still Vulnerable to Crises Example

Essays on Many Banks Still Vulnerable to Crises Article ï » ¿ Many Banks Still Vulnerable to Crises Article Brief The Bank for International Settlements, an organization consolidating central banks around the world, cautioned that most banks are still susceptible to breakdown. Most banks around the United States and Europe are reliant mainly on central banks. To avoid inflation and discourage banks overreliance, B.I.S. General Manager Jaime Caruna suggests that policymakers should abolish low interest rates and should start setting higher official rates; government and the central banks should withdraw unnecessary support to banks; and banks should subject to ‘stress tests’. With such a scheme, banks will have to expose deficiencies caused by toxic mortgages or sub-prime loans and rely on markets for financing. Adequate liquid assets and higher working capital may suffice during a short-term economic contraction and improve flexibility, respectively (Ewing, 2010). As quoted in the report, short-term financing is only treacherous in times of crisis. B.I.S. has been calling for banks to reduce risky practices and provide a more transparent trading and holdings activity. It sends this message especially to emerging markets, like India, China and Brazil, which have been more resilient during the crisis. With easy money, such markets are vulnerable to higher inflation rates. Together with the G-20, B.I.S. likewise promotes for a firm public finance to gradually heal an economy, as an effect from reducing the government deficits. Caruna said that to prevent an eventual global financial meltdown, there should be new standards for fiscal consolidation by the end of 2012. B.I.S. Chairman, Christian Noyer said that it is a high time for government intervention to stabilize the financial system (Ewing, 2010). Emphasis to Global Financing In Jack Ewing’s article, a substantial plan to help defuse the crisis bubble spanning globally had just been laid out. Markets (developed and underdeveloped) have mostly resorted to banks for any term of financing especially when depression incepted by the end of 2007. However, banks which also form part of the market itself are still defenseless against the wrath of the economic onslaught. Financial institutions which mostly provide easy money have depended greatly from central banks. So there goes the proposition of the B.I.S. - high interest rates through government intervention to prevent inflation. Around the fall of 2008, Wall Street underwent the biggest crisis ever due to mortgage-related investments (â€Å"Credit Crisis,† 2010). Most banks around the world still practice the same risky procedures of putting constant value to their toxic assets. Some banks, adhering to a more conventional scheme, steer clear of acquiring toxic assets. The underlying message perhaps is that depending from low interest rates add up to the economic contraction. To cease this latent contribution as suggested by the B.I.S., public sectors should do the job of making new policies according to a global standard, thus a global â€Å"fiscal consolidation.† Aside from government intervention, bank ‘stress tests’ are also a reliable procedure to prevent a market downturn. Stress tests would decrease the insecurities causing a wobbly banking system. Such tests allow banks to forecast risks by knowing whether they have enough working capital to sustain particularly amidst the recent global financial crisis (â€Å"Bank Stress,† 2009). References Ewing, J. (June 28, 2010). Report warns that many banks still vulnerable to crises. New York Times. Retrieved July 22, 2010, from http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/29/business/ global/29bis.html?pagewanted=1sq=long%20or%20short%20term%20financingst=csescp=11 Bank stress tests: Supervisory capital assessment program. (May 8, 2009). New York Times. Retrieved July 22, 2010, from http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/ organizations/f/federal_reserve_system/supervisory_capital_assessment_program/index.html?inline=nyt-classifier Credit crisis: The essentials. (July 12, 2010). New York Times. Retrieved July 22, 2010, from http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/subjects/c/credit_crisis/ index.html?inline=nyt-classifier

Information Systems Management For Travel and Tourism

Question: Discuss about the Information Systems Management For Travel and Tourism . Answer: Introduction The main purpose of this business report is to represent the research done in tours and travel industry with regarding of information system. It will cover all the results achieved including role of the information system, their types, advantages and disadvantages, recommendations, etc. in the travel industry.(Granados, Gupta, Kauffman, 2012) As other businesses travel industry is also based on the communication and relationship with its clients. In travel industry the customers receive information through different channels and all these resources are collectively known as the information system. In this report, we will analyze about how to manage the information system so that it can be beneficial for a business. The information system is made up of various modes of communication channels. These channels may be formal or informal. The information system can be used in almost every business. The implementation of information system in an efficient way can boost the business growth. In this report, we will describe how much different type of information system and how it can be implemented. What are the hardware and software resources required for the same will also determine? Problem area The focused problem area of this business report is to analyze the business requirements of Travel Company. Mrs Smith wants to start a small traveling company that will provide the facilities of travel, transfer accommodation, vehicle hire, new events and attractive offers. What will the best infra -structure that will be suited for this business. It is to be analyzed that which information system will be best. What will be the hardware and software requirements to start up the business? What will be the financial constraints related to business setup and licensing. Importance of information system As the use of the internet is growing very rapidly in last few decades, the role of the internet in the travel and tourism industry can be seen in almost all of the areas of the travel industry including information system. Now the customers can always be in reach of the organization through a website. Customers can browse the locations and get the details about what to expect.(Djordjevic, 2013)The information system can be useful to ensure that the organization is in full control. The information system of travel industry can be of two types: open loop and closed loop. In open loop system, there is no way to ensure about the objective fulfillment. On the other hand in a closed loop system, there can be two types of methods available to control the feedback system control and feedforward control. Types of Information system In every successful business organization, whether it is large or small, the information system and information technology is the key factor to manage all the business activities, and it will be beneficial in decision making process. The Information system can be used in the travel industry to collect and process data as per the needs and requirements of business analyst, manager, director and other stakeholders of top level management.(Liu, Kim, Creel, 2015) Efficient and well managed information system can be beneficial for a varied information system and also enhance the communication with customers. Information system can be of various types such as: Transaction processing system: It is related to the process of data collection, processing and the core operations of the travel industry. It is used to collect data from customers and can converted into reports. (Mentis Katsaros, 2012)For example online tickets and hotel booking system. In this process customers can book their travel package including air tickets, hotel and other options and the output will be a printed bill. It is based on the real time or batch processing system. Decision support system: This information system when applied through multi-agent framework can efficiently used for decision making process. In this framework multiple agents of different network are loosely coupled and work together. In decision support system, these agents interact with each other and users and the environment for the betterment of decision support system. Knowledge management system: In this type of information system the existing information can be transformed in new innovative information for the betterment of tourism. It points to the critical issues of the travel industry. The changes in the customer behavior are recorded and used for the new plans development. Knowledge management information system is related to system information that must be provided to the customers at the time of need, in an efficient form. Management information system: In this type of information system, the data regarding travel management system and its utilization will be analyzed. As the data is very critical part for any business organization, it must be optimized and ensure compliance the travel policies. Travel management information system is a process that focuses on the identification, collection and isolation of data. It can be collected from various sources and used for decision making process. The main key points of management information system in travels and tours can be explored as: Management of travel Strategy planning Sustainability Database management system: This information system is considered as the collection of data that must be interrelated and programs that must be required to access the data from database management system.(Clarke, 2010) The data is relevant to the business enterprise. In travel industry, the primary role of data is to provide information related to business. Office automation system: This type of information system in the travel industry represents the computer hardware and software commonly used. It will support in to collect data, store it in a database and other applications. Data transfer, data storage are some basic functionalities of office automation system. This information system is used to successfully complete the task of business. Data transfer can be in the form of email, fax or reporting tool. Some tasks of office can be performed as automated answering, replace the human being with machines to perform tasks of scanning also. The best device that can be used to implement office automation tasks is the computer system, with this, the travel industry can perform email operations and sending reminders and package updates, etc. Office automation can also be used to generate payrolls for the specific month. Customer Relationship management system: This information system is used to establish the balance between sales and marketing. It is related to the customers activities. Well established CRM is a significance of successful business, as there is a perfect bonding in between business owners and customers.(Wei, 2010). Customers are actively involved in the feedback and problem resolution process. Top level management can use CRM as a tool to develop business ideas and strategic planning. Business Intelligence system: This information system is related to extract, identification and analyzing data. This data is very important from the operational and decision making process point of view. It will support the travel industry in many forms such as: To summarize the current costs To predict the future trend about the holiday packages To collect data from various sources Characteristics of Information system in travel industry Information system for travel industry consists of various information channels from different related sources such as state wise tourism campaigns, tourism association regional wise, business growth strategies, travel packages, regular customers, business plan brochures, etc. Information system has some of the following characteristics in travel industry: Every source of the channel is related to its own function. Travelers will use a different kind of information to decide the holiday package. In general, customers take feedback from repeat visitors for any site visiting or they can decide about it through packages. Channels belong to information system must be related to each other in any specific way. All the channels of the information system must be interdependent. Every travel industry must have following characteristics those are mandatory: Reservation management: In todays scenario it is the most important feature of any tours and travel business. Organization must have some very efficient and flexible application software to keep track of reservations. It also includes the documents related to travel like quotations, vouchers, and financial documents, etc. As this process is important, it must be automated. Every travel industry must have multiple sales channels. These channels are used to keep track of subagents and customers. These channels must present in form of online or offline documents. Every travel industry must have efficient inventory information management system. Here the inventory can be in the form of available bookings and the bookings were done. Even the computers are very useful in any kind of business information system, but dependency on these devices can be harmful in some cases.(Mucalo, 2016) It is prefer that information system of travel industry must have some sort of flexibility. The last but not the least feature of the travel industry is reporting tools. Reports are the main part of strategies and can be used to improve the business outcomes. Hardware requirement Hardware requirements for the information system of travel industry,(Greiner, 2011) those will be very efficient for the business can be represented in the following table: Hardware Description Input devices Input device are the main hardware devices required in any business organization. It is important to provide input in form of users query, scanned document, audio messages etc. Some of the input devices those can be beneficial in travel organization are keyboard, mouse, mice etc. Output devices With the help of output devices we can display the output that will be generated after the processing. It can be in form of report, tickets, bills etc. Processor Processor is the main part of any computer machine. The role of processor is convert raw data into meaningful information. Web server It is the central core part of any website deployment. Hardware that is used for the data storage and for the execution of another application as well Network device To implement the information system in travel industry there must be proper networking devices present. These devices will prove you at the control the data communication Network media Network media is very crucial, without proper network media customers will not able to access the website of travel industry. It can be LAN, MAN or WAN. In network media, there can be some cabling like twisted pair, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable; these can be used as per the requirements of business. Software requirement In the travel industry, while implementing the information system, (Maiden, 2008)not only hardware, some of the software also mandate. These are Software Description Web browser It is required to access the official website (if any). There can be different such as Internet Explorer, Google chrome, etc. NOS (Network Operating system) NOS is very useful while implementing the information system. As without it a network cannot be established. Some of the NOS are: LINUX, UNIX, window server etc. Database Database is a centralized repository that is used to store data and other documents in the travel industry. In database, company can use MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server and the most popular Oracle we well. Office automation tools Office automation tools are very important in travel industry. These are important in the back office part. Microsoft Office is one of them that must be installed on every machine in the travel industry. Most of the reports are generated and optimized with the help of office automation tools. Some of the tasks can be automated as well. Antivirus To protect the whole network of the organization, well efficient antivirus program must be installed. It will protect the network from any type of business threats. It will protect not only the network but the files and documents also from hackers. Financial constraints With the growth of IT information system in the travel industry, the financial constraints and other aspects must be analyzed properly. Research has been done for the cost reduction and cost competencies. Cost reduction is the very crucial point of the information system. It can be considered as the key factor for out sourcing the information system. Travel industry operations must be organized in such a way that the overall costing of three different purposes can be sort out. These three sections are front-office, mid-office and back office. ("Internet Tourism Marketing: Potential and Constraints / July 2000", 2016) The first step in direction of cost reduction approach is to take the responsibility of identifying the opportunities that would be differentiated the organization for competition. For instance the cost of travel agent that is highly experienced can be considered as strategic. Some other costs can be tactical also. In the front office area must have following consumption s: Bookings, customer services etc. This area has the direct impact of customers can interact easily with travel agents and customer support staff. The costing related with this area can be reduced by implementing automated tools. Mid office has the responsibility to provide support to the front office. It is also responsible for the accuracy of booking information, inventory management and costing related with packages, hotels, reservations and various other activities. Back office is concerned with only accounting, reporting, and payroll operations. This part is also related to management of traveling suppliers, relationship with other regular customers as well. It performs mainly administrative tasks. Recommendations It is recommended that while implementing information system in travel segment, some of the most common techniques must be used for the security policies. It can be file protection through encryption, passwords and governing of useful information through computer based information system. Travel industry must use following techniques for the system security: Security policies Firewall Antivirus Passwords Backup facility Organizational procedures For the success of information system in the area of the travel industry, the most important thing is to maintain CRM. Customer relationship will keep a strong foundation. There must be the correlation between various types of information system in the organization. The information system must be capable of doing the market survey before implementing any new technology. It must ensure that customers must be aware of the new packages and options available for tourism. There must not be any content fragmentation. Basic objective of implementing information system is to take the advantage of all services. The preferred mode of reservation is rated as GDS (global distribution system). In this system, the information is converted to the meaningful form as per the expectation of travel agent. As the latest trend of mobile devices is increasing day by day, it is recommended that information system and other applications must be compatible and accessible through any screen. Conclusion On the basis of by findings and the research done, we can conclude the following points for the information system in travel industry: Although the traditional information system is very beneficial and plays a very important role in organization it is accompanied by customers and the travel agents. With the innovations in the information system the requirements of customers can be fulfilled with great expectations. (Ramadorai, 2013) As per the information provided by customers and the feedback, new strategies can be decided in the information system of the travel industry. As per the report, the information system such as transaction processing system and customer relationship management system can be very beneficial for the travel industry. Many of the basic operations can be implemented in automating form while implementing the information system for office automation. The latest and innovative technology can be implemented to maintain the prestige of organization and also for the new ideas. Reference list Granados, N., Gupta, A., Kauffman, R. (2012). Online and Offline Demand and Price Elasticities: Evidence from the Air Travel Industry. Information Systems Research, 23(1), 164-181. https://dx.doi.org/10.1287/isre.1100.0312 Djordjevic, A. (2013). Importance of information for tourist service users in travel decision making. Marketing, 44(1), 75-85. https://dx.doi.org/10.5937/markt1301075d Mucalo, M. (2016). Travel agency system 5 things it must have. iTravel Software Blog. Retrieved 1 July 2016, from https://blog.itravelsoftware.com/2012/10/travel-agency-system-5-things-it-must-have/ Liu, J., Kim, C., Creel, C. (2015). Exploring search task difficulty reasons in different task types and user knowledge groups. Information Processing Management, 51(3), 273-285. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2014.10.001 Mentis, A. Katsaros, P. (2012). Model checking and code generation for transaction processing software. Concurrency And Computation: Practice And Experience, 24(7), 711-722. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpe.1876 Greiner, K. (2011). Information System of Railway Undertakings Train Track Requirements. PROMET - TrafficTransportation, 23(2). https://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v23i2.141 Maiden, N. (2008). User Requirements and System Requirements. IEEE Softw., 25(2), 90-91. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ms.2008.54 Ramadorai, T. (2013). Capacity constraints, investor information, and hedge fund returns. Journal Of Financial Economics, 107(2), 401-416. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2012.08.020 Clarke, A. (2010). Operations Management in the Travel Industry. Tourism Management, 31(6), 964-965. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2010.01.001 Wei, M. (2010). A research on marketing management information system for travel agency based on CRM. Proceedings Of The 29Th Chinese Control Conference, 259-264. Retrieved from https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=arnumber=5572434url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D5572434 Internet Tourism Marketing: Potential and Constraints / July 2000. (2016). Hotel-online.com. Retrieved 1 July 2016, from https://www.hotel-online.com/Trends/ChiangMaiJun00/InternetConstraints.html

Unix Essays - Unix, Berkeley Software Distribution, Operating System

Unix "UNIX was the first operating system designed to run on ?dissimilar' computers by converting most hardware specific commands in machine language into an independent programming language called ?C,'" Jon Wolfe writes in the Nashville Business Journal. (Wolfe 29) UNIX was the basis of AT&T's telephone system and the government's wide area network system. Then it became the basis of communication between engineers and scientists, and eventually the basis of communication for everyone worldwide (World Wide Web (Web)). It has held this remarkable spot since 1969. However, in the 1990s there are competitors in the market, namely, Microsoft Corporation with its Windows NT product. But UNIX-based software suppliers are not just turning over and letting the competitors win. UNIX supporters are many, and UNIX remains, and will remain a major player in the marketplace. The unique advantage of the UNIX operating system when it was introduced was that it could (and still does) run on dissimilar machines, unheard of prior to 1969. UNIX also can run more than one program at a time, store complex graphics and databases, and link to other UNIX and mainframe computer systems, including DOS since the late 1980s. UNIX-based systems control various programs written by many companies to distribute information between multiple computers within the network. This minimizes user costs and eliminates system-wide hardware crashes. Some of the original UNIX programs are "still evident today." (Wolfe 29) UNIX was developed at AT&T in 1969, primarily for controlling the phone network and handling government communications. Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Sun Systems, other U.S. companies and international companies now sell versions of UNIX that work best on their computers. UNIX at first worked over ARPnet, "named after its sponsor from the Pentagon." (Sembawang 1997). The ARPA network grew throughout the 1970s when computer networks from various organizations, both nationally and internationally, began to link to ARPAnet, mostly for transferring engineering and scientific research data. "With the advent of satellite transmissions, the first international network connection was made with the University of London (England) and the Royal Radar Establishment of Norway in 1973." (Sembawang 1997) In 1979, the National Science Foundation established the Computer Science Research Network (CSnet), which connected to ARPAnet through a gateway. This system was used for e-mail and sharing technical information. (Sembawang 1997) In the early 1980's, the NSF created its own network, NSFnet, which added educational links for schools and libraries. However, access to NSFnet was limited to these government or government research organizations. (Sembawang 1997) In 1992, NSF created Advanced Network and Services, Inc. (ANS), used to manage the NSFnet, which opened up the Internet to everyone. ANS also opened up the potential for multimedia on the Internet through the World Wide Web. (Sembawang 1997) Once the potential was there, the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN) began a project to create the international internet. The CERN project operated on TCP/IP transfer protocols developed inside a Berkeley UNIX system. The project was started in the mid-1980s and completed in 1990. By 1993, the internet had become a world-wide phenomenon. (Segal 1995) The Web allows users to easily browse through hypertext and multimedia located on various computers and main frame systems around the world. Prior to the CERN project, internet users had to know UNIX programming language and move around in a cumbersome UNIX shell environment. (Segal 1995) The Web can best be described as a "global interactive, dynamic, cross-platform, distributed, graphical hypertext information system that operates over the internet. (Lemay 4) It operates on many protocols, including FTP, Gopher, UseNet, WAIS databases, and TELNET. Most of the text transferred over the internet is written in hypertext markup language (HTML). Graphics are transferred via standard generalized markup language (SGML) through the UNIX operating system. No one owns the web, but a consortium of U.S. and European individuals and organizations who support its operation, called the World Wide Web (W3) Consortium, established the protocols and languages that will be supported on the web. (Lemay 12). Popular browsers include Netscape, NCSA Mosaic, Lyna, MacWeb and WinWeb. A URL (home pages, BBSs, etc.) is a pointer to a posting on a Gopher, UseNet or FTP. All of these are currently transferred over the UNIX operating system. "Today, the Internet is still growing in terms of size and number of connections. It is estimated that there are now about 50 million Internet users worldwide, from as many as 100 countries." (Sembawang 1997). UNIX has enjoyed a long, exclusive history, but Microsoft is trying to establish Windows NT as the premier Web server and replace UNIX's dominant position as the internet's operating system. Although the internet was

Canva Review Create Graphics From Your Web Browser for Free

Creating high-quality images for your WordPress site – such as informative graphics for how-to guides and  featured images for your blog posts – can be tricky without a photo editing or graphic design solution. As this  Canva review will show, access to such tools create new opportunities to improve your site.With custom graphics and images, you can take your website to the next level and impress your visitors with your professional design. While tools such as Photoshop and Illustrator can get expensive, Canva offers a low-cost solution capable of creating high-quality photos and graphics.In our Canva review, well explore Canva’s features, services, and pricing to help give you an idea of how it can give your site’s images a little extra something. Let’s get started! Photoshop and Illustrator programs. Canva enables you to accomplish many of the design tasks you would want to use Illustrator for, such as creating infographics, logos, and other v isual aids for your posts and brand:It also tackles some basic photo editing needs. If youre not using many of Photoshops advanced tools, Canva can very easily take over and help you crop, straighten, and add effects to your photos.Canva review: Four key featuresBy providing a variety of graphic design and photo editing features, Canva makes it easy to spruce up your site. Whether you need to share important data or just want a visual element to break up your written content, the features below will help you out.1. Create graphs to share dataStatistics and data can go a long way when it comes to your sites users. While they may value your opinion, being able to back it up with numbers shows youve done your research and have authority on the topic. The problem is, stuffing large amounts of data into tables isnt very visually appealing, and doesnt always display information clearly.On the other hand, graphs and charts can communicate your data effectively while appealing visually in y our social media or blog posts. With Canva, you can select from a variety of graphs and charts to display data attractively. You can choose from more than two dozen chart types, including Venn diagrams, flow charts, bar graphs, and pie charts:Theyre easily customizable through either direct editing, or by inputting your data and letting Canva build the graph for you. Once your graph or chart is complete, you can embed it in another Canva design for use in your social media posts or blog graphics. You could even use a variety of charts to create detailed infographics.2. Edit photos to improve their qualityPhotos play many roles on websites. They can be featured images for your blog posts, personal photos that add authenticity to your brand, or pieces for your portfolio. Regardless of their function, you want them looking their best. Sometimes this means your photos need a little editing.At ThemeIsle, we use Canva to create all of the featured images for our blog posts. Canva is capab le of handling many of our basic photo editing tasks, such as straightening and cropping images. It can also help with a few more advanced techniques. For example, you can use it to apply transparencies and filters:These can help adjust the mood of your photos to fit the context of your posts or highlight certain elements in the photo. Youll also have control over aspects such as brightness, contrast, and saturation to prime your images for their debut on your site.3. Design graphics to enhance your postsTheres a wide variety of reasons you may want to add a graphic to your a post or page. You may want to share an infographic to explain your research. A photo collage could add visual interest to long blog posts. Or you may even want to create your own memes to throw in a bit of humor (no Canva review would be complete without a meme!).Whatever your design needs, Canva probably has a template or a tool to help you create it. The simple drag and drop editor is easy to use. You can cho ose from Canvas free library of images, graphics, and icons, or upload your own:Canva also includes dozens of free backgrounds you can use, as well as several fonts. If youre ever feeling stuck, the platform provides resources to help. You can check out their color wheel, design size guide, and font combinations for inspiration.4. Use layouts and templates to simplify the design processCanva includes a host of design layouts and templates to streamline your design process. While many of them can be useful for some of the situations weve already mentioned – such as graphs and photo collages – they can also help with other brand aspects you may want to implement.For example, Canva includes logo templates you can use to create a logo for your site or business. You could also use their book cover template to create an e-book, or their newsletter templates to add your custom branding to your marketing emails:Using templates can speed up the design process while still enabli ng you to make each element your own. With Canva, you can grow your brand quickly by tackling all your design needs with one easy-to-use platform.Pricing for CanvaYou can use Canvas basic tools at no cost. Creating a free account grants you access to the main features listed above, as well as two folders and one gigabyte of storage space to upload your own photos and graphics. Plus, you can utilize Canvas libraries of free stock photos, graphics, backgrounds, and templates.Additionally, there are millions of other elements you can use with a free account for just $1 per photo or graphic. If you use Canva to create brand elements such as posters or business cards, you can also pay to print these items. Canva offers a variety of finishes and delivers your designs right to your door.If youd like to access the full scope of Canvas features – which includes unlimited storage, exclusive free design elements, set brand color palettes, GIF creation, and custom resizing – you c an sign up for a paid plan. This option is still remarkably affordable at just $12.95 per month.Optimizing your Canva designs for the webCanva enables you to resize your designs to meet your needs. However, youll still want to optimize your image files before adding them to your website. This will prevent any large media files from slowing down your page load times and discouraging users from staying on your website.The easiest way to handle this is by installing an image optimization plugin like  Optimole on your WordPress site to automate media file optimization. Optimole will not only prevent your new Canva designs from weighing your site down, but will also optimize all of the images already on your site and speed up delivery with a CDN: Image optimization Lazy Load by Optimole Author(s): OptimoleCurrent Version: 2.1.2Last Updated: September 25, 2019optimole-wp.zip 96%Ratings 211,971Downloads WP 4.7+Requires Optimizing your images is a best practice that can improve y our overall site performance, as well as your Search Engine Optimization (SEO) and bounce rate. By combining Canva and Optimole, youll be able to create eye-catching graphics and photos that enhance your site without slowing it down.Canva review summaryPhoto-editing and graphic design solutions such as Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator can get expensive. However, theyre also useful for creating high-quality images for your site. An affordable alternative can make a big difference in the quality of your sites images as well as your budget.Weve covered a lot of ground in this Canva review, including some of its key features. We also explored the pricing options available with this platform, and discussed the importance of optimizing your Canva-made images with a plugin such as Optimole. our tutorial on how to create blog images with Canva.Do you have any questions about using Canva to transform your sites images? Ask them in the comments section below!Free guide5 Essential Tips to Speed Up Your WordPress SiteReduce your loading time by even 50-80% just by following simple tips.

Impact of Communism on the Soviet Union essays

Impact of Communism on the Soviet Union essays Communism is a concept or system of society in which the community owns the major resources and means of production rather than by individuals. In theory, such societies provide for equal sharing of all work, according to ability, and all benefits according to need. Some conceptions of communist societies assume that, ultimately, coercive government would be unnecessary and therefore that such a society would be without rulers. Until the ultimate stages are reached, however, communism involves the abolition of private property by a revolutionary movement responsibility for meeting public needs is then vested in the state. In 1922, the Communists produced a constitution that sounded both democratic and socialist. It set up an elected legislature called the Supreme Soviet and gave all citizens over eighteen the right to vote. All political power, resources, and means of production would belong to the workers and peasants. However the Communist party not the people, reigned supreme. Like the czars before them, the party used the army and secret police to enforce its will. The new government brought much of the old Russian empire under its rule. It then created the Union of Soviet Socialists Republics (Krieger, Larry, Neill, Kenneth, Reynolds, Dr. Edwards 654). Stalin set out to make the Soviet Union into a modern industrial power. Stalin blamed Russias economic backwardness for its many defeats. In 1928 he proposed the first several five year plans aimed at building heavy industry, improving transportation, and increasing farm output. To achieve this economic growth, he brought all economic activity under government control. The Soviet Union developed a command economy in which government officials made all basic economic decisions. The government owned all businesses and allocated financial and other resources. Stalins five-year plan set high production goals, especially for heavy industry and tran...

Reflective Writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reflective Writing - Essay Example Reflection upon the event This was my first interview as a nurse and I was very nervous and at the same time excited. Being the first profession-oriented interview of my life, outcome of this interview meant a lot to me. I knew that if I did well in the interview, it would fill the confidence in me that I require at the first step of my professional life. Also, if I did badly, I knew that would shatter my confidence and I would be doubtful of my skills when I actually appeared in the interviews later. I didn’t want that to happen. So I prepared for my interview well. In order to refresh the knowledge of the AMNC competency and MNH Graduate Abilities in my mind, I started reading the course material one full week before the interview. At the time the interview was about to commence, my heart was pounding fast. I wanted to get control over my heart-beat, but that was beyond my control. I was slightly pale and was also slightly shivering. My hands and feet had become cold and I w as rubbing my palms against each other in order to warm up a bit. In order to control my nervousness, I was taking deep breaths. The good about the experience was that it allowed me to have an insight into my performance as an interviewee. Having acquainted myself with the right professional nursing skills is only part of the game. My presentation of myself and performance at the interview is something intrinsically linked with my personality, and having a sound personality is valued a lot by the interviewers. This interview enabled me to find out how good I am at that and the potential areas I need to work upon in order to further improve my performance as an interviewee. I don’t think there was anything bad about this experience. It was an exercise supposedly quite beneficial for a nurse who is just starting his/her career. I conducted a little research about ways to sound and look confident in an interview. I dressed nicely, wearing sober colors. I was in a well-pressed bu siness attire. I had used a mint mouth-wash five minutes before the interview in order to feel fresh from inside. I took long and deep breaths in order to regulate the stress and rubbed my palms against each other to warm them up. I wished everybody a good-morning after entering the room and occupied a seat with due permission of the interviewing committee. I looked at the interviewer in the eyes and answered in a moderate tone. I think my strategies went fairly well. I had practiced all this at my home a couple of times before the interview day. The act of rubbing my palms, taking deep breaths and using mouth-wash before the start of the interview made me achieve a control over myself. My act of wishing the interviewing committee and taking permission before sitting impressed upon the committee that I am well-mannered. By looking the interviewer in the eye, I made the interviewer feel that I was taking him/her seriously and also that I was confident. Controlling my tone added to th e good impression I had had on the interviewing committee to make it even nicer. During the interview, I was asked what I would decide in a particular clinical situation they put in front of me. They wanted me to demonstrate my ethical decision making competency. They asked me what would I reply to a patient who is being unnecessarily rude to me. They wanted to check my patience and emotional intelligence. Likewise, my judgmental and literary skills were

MEASURES OF THE ECONOMY- U.S. International Trade In Goods And Research Paper

MEASURES OF THE ECONOMY- U.S. International Trade In Goods And Services - Research Paper Example To calculate the gross domestic product, one adds the components of the economy which include the measure of all the goods and services produced in that nation. Most of the goods and services produced in a nation are purchased locally by consumers. This makes the largest component and most stable of the economy as it is the consumer spending (C) in the United States (Brezine 168). Obtaining of consumer spending is by adding together non-durable for instance foods and durable for instance automobiles goods. The services will include mechanic, barber and medical services. The next component is the investments made by industries and businesses (I). When calculating the GPD, investment refers to purchases made by the industries in new production facilities or also the processes of buying new capital and putting it into use e.g. building of new factories, buying of a new truck and purchasing new software (Mankiw 201). In essence, this means that the factories reproduce as they buy new goods and services that will lead to production of more goods and services. The next component for calculating the GDP is calculating the net export which is the difference between all values of exports and the values of all imports. Exports are the goods and services that are produced internally in a nation but are sold to the foreigners. Imports are services and goods that have been produced by foreigners but are sold domestically (Mankiw 203). If the exports of a certain year exceed the imports then the GPD will increase, and if this is the opposite, the GPD will decrease. The final component used is the government expenditure. The government buys goods and services using the tax money. The goods and services purchases are a measure of the goods and services produced. Examples of government expenditure will include hiring of the civil servants and construction of roads and public buildings (Sugimoto 225). Government expenditure does not incorporate any transfer payments such

Relationship between money supply and inflation in saudi arabia Essay

Relationship between money supply and inflation in saudi arabia - Essay Example This paper also label the author from whose books or journals ideas are taken and they are labeled according to APA format. The topic about inflation and money supply in the economy was very vast. To prepare a good and comprehensive report, I have not only relied on my textbooks and knowledge, but instead I have used various outside sources as well. In the beginning, I have used some of the data that was published in Saudi Arabia Monetary Agency Report. This was a good mean to examine the overall inflation rate and monetary supply in KSA. The report states that in order too keep the inflation rate in the country down; Saudi Arabian government keeps most of its wealth in the form of United States Dollars. This is to stop any unnecessary leakage or money being pumped into the economy. This shows that Saudi Arabian government knows about the fact that inflation in the economy will rise if they let the money flow into the economy. (SAMA 44th Annual Report, 2007) In another report it has also been suggested that Saudi Arabian government keeps the inflation rate down by offering various subsidies to their citizen. As a part of this policy, in 2006, a heavy subsidy was given to automobile gas sector to cut down the prices by 20%. (Country Profiles Report, 2006) My research was not only limited only to these reports, but I tried to crack down the trend of inflation in Saudi Arabia. It was when, I was researching about the inflation rates in Saudi Arabia, I found out that inflation hit Saudi Arabia in those periods, when oil-markets showed a boom or price of oil rose sharply in the international market. (Index Mundi) I also reviewed various text books to arrive at the correct definition of money supply. In the end, I found these definitions very appropriate. One writer stated that money supply is actually the amount of money that is cumulatively held by people and organization working in a country (Samuelson and Nordhaus, p.321) After finding the correct definition of money supply, I started looking for money-supply trends in Saudi Arabia. It was very surprising to see that in the last few years Saudi Arabia has increased the money supply in the economy and it is continuing its policy, although the fears about inflation are very high in the country. (Country Profile Reports: KSA,2008) In a report, it was stated that "For the last few years, Saudi Arabian government is increasing the money supply in the economy by around 24% annually". Talking in the more absolute terms, the report further stated that "M3 (broadest measure of money supply as it includes all the money that is circulating in the economy in the form of Cash or Bank Deposits) grew to 815.14 billion riyals ($217.4 billion), which in the preceding year was only lingering around 615

Impact of skiing on mountain environments

Impact of skiing on mountain environments It is extremely easy to forget the impact imposed by skiing on the mountain environments. Most people believe the only effect that they have on the environment within mountain regions are the tracks in the snow left by their skis. However, there is strong evidence that skiing has both a social and more noticeably, environmental impacts that influence the natural environment. Some experts of the Alpine region suggest that tourists directly affect over half of the Alps entire surface area. It can therefore be stated that the Alps are now one of the most threatened mountain ecosystems on Earth. This viewpoint was further backed up by Prince Sadruddin Aga Khan, chairman of Alp Action, based in Geneva, which works towards preserving and restoring the Alpine habitat, saying that tourists have merely transported the problems of the city up 6,500 feet. As the majority of ski slopes take place on the sides of large, rugged mountains, the process of deforestation is required in order to create the downhill ski slopes. Deforestation can lead to the displacement of the natural habitats of resident birds as well as cause an increase in the surface runoff from the melt water flowing down the mountains once the snow has melted in the summer months. The problem of surface runoff is further increased by the alteration of the grade of the slope in order to make it suitable for skiers. This allows the melt water to flow quicker and results in the melt water coming into contact with few obstacles which can eventually lead to landslides. Other wildlife such as ibex, snow hares, and red deer are also affected by deforestation and the alteration of the slopes grade. Wildlife is initially affected by the development and expansion of the ski resorts, however, the human impact on wildlife can also be seen in the construction and maintenance of the s ki runs in the night time and by the numerous skiers during the daytime. An example of the affects on wildlife is the black grouse which resides in the Alps, Wales, Scotland and the Lake District. As a result of skiing, the black grouse now exists at only half its usual population density around ski resorts. However, the disturbance area is increasing in size as more and more people ski off-piste and intrude into the habitat of the black grouse. When examining the visual impacts of skiing on the mountain environment, it is easy to see that the monstrous metallic pylons which support the ski lifts and the ski lift terminals blemish the previously unscarred panoramic views. The implications of all of the developments within the mountain environment results in a snowballing affect and results in increased pressure on the environment. With the rise in popularity of some resorts such as Tignes and the Trois Vallà ©es in France, there is the added pressure of expansion of the resorts and the improvement of its facilities. The ski resorts are mainly built on confined valley floor areas and are therefore hemmed in by the surrounding mountainous environment. However, the need to accommodate the increasing numbers and demands of tourists means that resorts have had to expand resulting in further erosion of the mountain sides. The impact of skiers on the environment can be seen due to the increased problems of global warming within these areas. Over the past few years, scientists have proved that the snow levels in mountain areas such as the Alps in Europe have started to dwindle. Birgit Ottmer from the Swiss Federal Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research based in the famous resort of Davos said that the Alpine areas below 1,600 metres are now receiving twenty per cent less snow. The future is even more unpromising with Michel Revaz of the Liechtenstein-based Alpine conservation society Cipra, stating that within fifty years all ski resorts below 1,200 metres wont have a chance and will go out of business. This is especially unwelcoming news for the majority of the ski resorts within Austria where seventy-five per cent of all of the ski lifts lie below 1,000 metres. The problem of snow levels has meant that new resorts are springing up further and further up the sides of the mountains. This migration of ski resorts will mean further visual impacts on the area with large accommodation blocks and pylons being erected further upland as well as an increase in the human affects on the higher altitude areas which have a more sensitive ecosystem. It is widely believed that aviation travel currently contributes about four per cent of the global carbon dioxide emissions. This is a worrying fact, especially when over thirty million international tourists fly into the Alpine region each year and the fact that Alpine tourism is only second in the world to the Mediterranean coast in the number of visiting tourists per annum. Once arrived in the Alpine region, the vast amounts of tourists generally reach the ski resorts by vehicles or even coaches supplied by the travel agencies. The increasing presence of vehicles within this environment has led to an increase in carbon emissions from the vehicles. Within some areas of the Alps, the pollutants reach the upland coniferous trees. Once this has happened, the pollutants weaken the evergreen trees which then become susceptible to insects and parasites. The United Nations recently carried out a study on the affects humans have on the mountain forests and discovered that acid rain and air pollution have damaged approximately sixty per cent of the Swiss, Italian, German and Austrian alpine forests. Another human impact which can be related to global warming is the retreat of the glaciers worldwide. Many skiers and snow boarders enjoy the thrill of skiing or snow boarding on glaciers. The tour guides usually put a great emphasis on the environment and the affects of humans on the mountain environment during the excursion; however, these tours may cease to exist in the near future with the retreat of the mountain glaciers. For example, Boulder Glacier in the North American state of Washington, is extremely popular with climbers, skiers and snow boarders. However, such activities have an increasingly short life as the glacier retreated an incredible four hundred and fifty metres between 1987 and 2005. The retreat of the glacier can be directly linked to the rise in the winter temperatures and to the reduction in snowfall levels within this region. There is an increasing problem with the amount of litter in the ski resorts. As is true anywhere else in the world, the majority of litter dropped does not degrade straight away or at all. However, in such a sensitive or delicate region, like the Alps, the effects are amplified. For instance an orange peel takes approximately two years to fully degrade, and cigarette butts can take up to five years to disintegrate. The chocolate wrappers or left over lunch that is left outside the mountain restaurants attract species which would not normally be found at such high altitudes. This alteration in the fragile ecosystem has a huge affect on the indigenous population of wildlife which eventually die out due to the invasive species. However, tourism can help sustain the mountain communities. The tourists provide a market for the local communities. There are over four and a half million beds for tourists within the Alps. The local communities have set up bed and breakfast accommodation as well as hostels and small, traditional hotels or chalets. This provides a vital economy for the local population even though the busiest periods are only during the winter months. Upon seeing that the majority of their business is seasonal, many of the locals in the ski resorts and surrounding villages have begun to diversify in order to sustain a living throughout the year. The local population have begun to offer summer outdoor activities to try and attract thrill-seeking or nature-loving tourists in the summer months. Many of those within the mountain communities offer guiding walks in the summer or activities such as rock climbing and driving off road vehicles through the rough terrain. The local authorities for ski resorts have only recently started to publicise visiting mountain areas in the summer months and are trying to advertise the ski resorts and villages as year-round destinations instead of solely winter locations. Tourism can help sustain human communities if the right methods are introduced by the local authorities, for example by ensuring that the local populations get their share of the money brought in by tourists so that the larger international tourism firms do not overpower the local businesses. This might include, the local authorities supporting local brands or shops and only allowing a certain number of international businesses or hotels into the region. Many learning schemes have also been introduced in order for the local population to learn other languages such as English in order to accommodate and to improve on the services provided to tourists visiting their town or village. Teaching the locals languages will help them both socially and economically and could even lead to their customers returning or attracting new customers by word of mouth due to the level of customer service. Having a second language allows local people who know the area and its surrounding environment best, to supply more annual activities such as guided walks. This will keep the economy within the area and result in a small rise in the prosperity of the local population. In conclusion, I believe that skiing is not a sustainable activity and has greater impacts on the mountain environment than it does improve it. The affects on the environment are detrimental and could mean that future generations will not be able to go and look at the Mont-Blanc Glacier in its current beauty but will be able to admire at it from text books due to its possible demise. However, I do have confidence in the fact that tourism can play a large role in sustaining and improving the local human communities and makes the mountain areas an extremely exciting and diverse area which is why so many people visit it each year.

Habitat for Humanity: I Helped Make A Difference :: Community Service, Service Learning

Habitat for Humanity’s goal is to provide affordable homes for low†income families. This requirement surprisingly fits many of the residents of Midland and as a result needs more volunteers to help build these homes. One can assist by painting, clearing lots, aiding in the construction, and much more. I was fortunate enough to meet some of the homeowners and those in process of obtaining one. These people were so uplifting and encouraging to one another that it made my days of volunteering more enjoyable then ever imagined. Working beside them I really got to know them and learn about their situations and future goals for their families. I can recall one instance in which I met a lady who was a single mother trying to provide a better home for her daughter who had severe allergies. When the home we were building came closer to completion, I wondered if we’d place grass on the front and back yards. Continuously questioning our team leader, I finally received my answer. No. It turned out that the lady whom I mentioned earlier would sacrifice having a yard full of grass in order to help her daughter’s allergies, she would also have no carpet due to the dust. After learning of this wonderful deed for the sake of her daughter, I looked up to this woman who was truly unselfish and caring for her daughter’s well being. This home would not only be a representation of her countless hours but also an extension in the preservation of her daughter’s health. Day after day I would apply my skills in painting these homes alongside others who deeply wanted to provide the best quality in their workmanship for those that would soon be moving in. I can’t even express how many times I tried to make a straight line when outlining the frames of the windows and doors in paint. However, their desire to make things appear the best made me want to try harder. After completing a home a dedication ceremony would be held in honor of the family moving in. All that work would be expressed in a single reward, a deserving family with a new home.

Causes and Effects of the Computer Essay

The twenty- first century is already turning out to be the century of the computer. The computer revolution that started after the Second World War is now developing exponentially and computers are beginning to influence and take over nearly every aspect of our lives. Computers are clearly changing and affecting society in many ways. The two main areas which computers have brought about a profound change in our lives are in the economic field an in the field of communication. The computer has led to immense changes in economic and business life. First, business now have to be computerized or they risk failure. Every big corporation bases it’s operations on computing, regardless of which sector they are in. For example, coco-cola and Levi’s market and sell different products and services, yet they all share on basic property without computers their operations would collapse. Second, computing is an economic dynamo. Many other countries have large IT sectors which drive their economies upwards. Furthermore the developed world is moving from an industrial- based economy to a computer and IT-based one. It is not just in business that computers have affected us so profoundly; communication has been revolutionized totally. Firstly, whereas before, people speak on the phone, which was expensive, now they e-mail. For instance, instead of waiting weeks for a letter now we can read it instantly, seconds after its been written. Secondly, many people use computers to communicate with people all around the world using chat rooms and chat programs, this was impossible before the computer became widespread. As a result, now people who live thousands of miles away from each other can communicate and share information and ideas easily and quickly. In conclusion computers have a profound effect on our lives in many ways and it is in business and communication that they have had the greatest influence. In the future if the computer continues evolving at such speed, our business practice and methods of communication will undergo even more radical changes.

Online Sources for Nursery Tree Purchase and Delivery

Online Sources for Nursery Tree Purchase and Delivery High-quality seedlings can be found at reasonable prices on the Internet. You just have to know where to look. Try these sites the next time you need to purchase trees. They have been picked because of the  convenience of online ordering, ease of site navigation and reputation. Note that these businesses are well established and have been growing trees for decades. They know how to do it right. Nurserymen.com Based in Grand Haven, Michigan,  Nurserymen.com  is a third generation business with an extraordinary selection of seedling conifers and sold as bare root and in plug containers. Not as extensive but just as attractive are their hardwood seedlings. They sell out early so request your order at least six months in advance. I ordered 50 bare root Eastern redcedars in December to be planted in Alabama. There was a March delivery from Michigan and I planted the seedlings in early April with a nearly 100 % survival rate. Virginia Department of Forestry The only government supplier of trees on this list, VDOF has been in the seedling business for over 90 years. They offer hundreds of conifers, hardwoods, and specialty packs. Their  website is customer friendly very easy to use. VDOF provides an online catalog. Seedling costs are very reasonable and are mostly sold as bare-root planting stock. The best values are in quantities of 1000 and only sold during the dormant season. Arbor Day Tree Nursery The Arbor Day Foundation is a pioneer in tree promotion and care. I have been a member for years and get my annual bundle of seedlings that come  with the membership. Their nursery  includes a wide variety of fruit, nut, and flowering trees and you can get a significant member discount on bulk wildland trees for planting tracts with large acreage. Musser Forests Based in Indiana County, PA., Musser Forests has been growing quality plants for over 70 years. They offer hundreds of conifers and hardwoods plus their online store is well constructed, easy to use and has the largest selection of tree varieties found anywhere. Musser provides a free catalog and valuable information on tree care and planting. Seedling cost ranges widely according to species and size. Gurneys Seed and Nursery Company Based in Greendale, IN., Gurneys has been in the tree and plant business since 1866 and sells all types of nursery stock, including landscape trees, shrubs and fruit trees. Gurneys is one of the leading seed and nursery companies in the United States and very much present online. I particularly like their Official Blog and YouTube videos. They offer the top-rated flowering trees, shade trees,  and trees for windbreaks. The Nursery at TyTy The TyTy, Georgia-based TyTy Nursery has been in the tree nursery and flower bulb business since 1978. This family business promises to provide each and every customer with the best product, fastest delivery, lowest price, and overall best service for your money. They are also one of the largest tree seedling sources online with an outstanding YouTube collection of how to plant videos.

In cases of Juvenile arrest rehabilitation not punishment should be streesed essays

In cases of Juvenile arrest rehabilitation not punishment should be streesed essays In cases of Juvenile arrest, rehabilitation, not punishment should be streesed Why would our government try to hurt kids? Well, kids are being hurt right now. You see, in America punishment, rather than rehabilitation is being emphasized for juveniles who commit crimes. This way of thinking must stop with the addition of rehabilitation and prevention programs for juvenile offenders. States vary in their legal definition of a juvenile. In Illinois, for example, a juvenile is defined as any person below the age of 17. Using each states legal definition, the FBI reported that 62% of juveniles arrested in 1992 were referred to juvenile courts, 5% to a criminal or adult court, 2% to a welfare agency, and 1% to another police agency. The kids sent to adult prisons were eight times as likely to commit suicide. It has also been evident that those kids incarcerated with adults are also more likely to become Legislation pending in congress now is debating several issues. Among them are weather to have children as young as 13 be prosecuted and sentenced as adults for certain crimes, give prosecutors the discretion to transfer a juvenile to an adult court in certain crimes, and allow juveniles to have incidental contact and in some cases be housed with I take an opposing point of view with that of congress. If a 13 year old is imprisoned, how can he become a functional member of society upon his release? How will he create a positive lifestyle for himself? The real question is: How can he turn in any direction other than that of crime? He simple will not be able to. If a child is sent to a prison to stay in a cell for hours at a time, the only life he will know is the life he came from, not the life that could be his. Also, a prosecutor shouldn't have the privilege to decide what court a kid is placed in. A prosecutor has a built in bias; the decision shou ...

State Government vs Federal Government (Similarities and differences, Essay

State Government vs Federal Government (Similarities and differences, reporting standards etc.) - Essay Example It is appropriate to highlight the differences between the federal and the state government in regard to public resources, and how the same utilized effectively. The budgeting process involves careful planning of how money will be received and spent over a specific period of time (Kieso et al., 2012). Therefore, the major components of a public budget include revenues and expenditures. In the United States, the federal government differs with state governments in as far as the budgeting process is concerned. For instance, the federal management has the authority to control the economy through interest rates while state governments do not have such control over interest rates. The federal government is often at liberty to engage in deficit spending, implying that the federal administration has the ability to increase spending even if the revenue is lower than it should (Kieso et al., 2012). As a result, the public debt in the US has continued to soar over the years. On the contrary, state governments are not at liberty to engage in deficit spending on a large scale, and are bound by the parameters of a balanced budget. The federal government differs with the state governments in a number of ways in as far as the taxation process is concerned. As for the federal government, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is the agency charged with tax collection (Kieso et al., 2012). The government uses progressive tax to determine the tax rates in that the more money a person earns, the more the taxes. The most common federal taxes are the withholding tax and the federal tax return. The withholding tax is subtracted from wages that individuals receive, while the federal tax return requires citizens and residents to report their income each year to determine if they owe any income tax to the federal government (Weygandt, Kimmel & Kieso, 2010). Taxes imposed by state governments differ from one state to another, as there is no one system that works for all states.

Securing the Nation from Terrorism Threat Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Securing the Nation from Terrorism Threat - Essay Example The local community initiatives that can address mitigation and preparedness against terrorist attack include: Volunteering in the police service, This is initiatives that train civilian volunteers who then can assist in the local police department, freeing up an officer to a critical function that affects community security (Docobo). Also through neighborhood watch initiatives that encourage civilian to report to authority any suspicious activity in their immediate neighborhood, according to Docobo in the aftermath of September 11, 2001, neighborhood watch has taken a greater priority as the mean of securing our community. Community emergency team’s initiatives, these programs provide emergency training to civilians with the aim of enhancing their capacity to respond and mitigate the effect of disasters (Docobo). Also through the initiative of medical reserve corp where skills of practicing and retired physician, health professionals and nurses who are willing to volunteer are brought together and play a mitigation role in the event of a large-scale emergency situation. Docobo points out that, since September 11, 2001, community initiatives toward disaster mitigation and preparedness partnership with a homeland security play vital role in addressing the security issue, this is because communities have dynamic skills necessary to identify, plan, mobilize and respond to the terrorist attack (Docobo). However, trust is an important component that builds community participation. Homeland security in collaboration with the private sector enhances preparedness through various means, which include: developing and implementing risk-based transportation, this approach focus on those who pose a threat to the transportation network where passenger and cargo screening is emphasized even in the private sector so that to ensure the security of all American people.  

Causes of increasing gas prices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Causes of increasing gas prices - Essay Example What is causing this rise in prices of gas? Is it merely supply and demand issues, or are there other factors that are influencing the rise in gas prices? This paper has the general aim of being informative of the causes of the rise in gas prices. However, within this general aim, the paper has a specific purpose in trying to uncover that the rise in gas prices is not merely caused by supply and demand issues. Gas prices in the USA are linked to international oil prices, as the cost of oil constitutes 70% of the cost of a gallon of gasoline. Cost of oil has risen. Brent oil prices are a measure of the prices of prevailing in the oil markets. Brent oil has risen by approximately 52 cents over the last two months, reflecting a rise in price of gas by 47cents per gallon in the USA. Four factors are believed to be involved in the recent rise in gas prices. These four factors are rise in demand for oil, inability of oil production to match the rising demand for oil, political turbulence in the Middle-East, and speculation in oil (Hargreaves, 1). The United Nations outlook for oil markets in 2010 demonstrates the reasons for an expected rise in demand for oil. The forecast indicated that there would be a rise in demand for oil to the tune of about 1.5%, raising demand for oil to 85.7 million barrels per day. Two factors would drive this rise in demand for oil. The main driver for rise in oil prices would be growing demand for oil from the emerging nations, like China and India, and the secondary driving force would be the slow emergence from recession of the developed world (United Nations, 63). The rise in demand for oil in 2012 however, was not as large as expected. The International Energy Association has estimated that the demand for oil in 2012 will be 200,000 barrels per day less than the earlier forecasted estimate of 90 million barrels per day. The reason for this

Worlds Ayurveda Tourism Essay Example for Free

Worlds Ayurveda Tourism Essay Ayurveda, considered to be the oldest system of medicine in the world, had its origin in India about five thousand years ago. A holistic method of healing using remedies offered by nature, Ayurveda which when followed can restore, rejuvenate and revitalize body, mind and soul. Mention of Ayurveda can be found in the Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagavat Gitaand other ancient texts of wisdom. Of the four Vedas, namely Rig Veda, Yajur Veda, Sama Veda and Adharva Veda, Ayurveda is said to be the Upaveda or the sub branch of Adharva Veda. The word Ayurveda is made up of two Sanskrit words: Ayu which means ‘life’ and Veda which means ‘the knowledge of’. According to Charaka, ayu consists of four essential parts- mind, body, senses and the soul. In short, Ayurveda is the knowledge of life. Ayurveda is said to have been created by Lord Brahma (the Creator of the Universe and one of the Trimurthis) himself and handed down to mankind through Gods and great sages who possessed extensive knowledge and extraordinary insight. Initially, this knowledge was taught and learnt orally and it was much later that it was documented in palm leaves and thaliolas. As the thirst for knowledge grew, extensive research and observations were made and Ayurveda developed swiftly. Two schools of Ayurveda emerged, namely the School of Medicine and the School of Surgery. With this amazing progress, India saw some of the greatest minds in history such as Charaka, sometimes referred to as the father of anatomy and Susrutha, the father of plastic surgery. Ayurveda is more than just a medical system. It is based on India’s culture and a profound philosophy which gives instructions for attaining health, both physically as well as spiritually and also discovering our unknown potential by following optimal lifestyle regimes. It is also a discipline  which tells us the proper way to do the simplest of day-to-day activities such as breathing, drinking, eating, working, exercising and even thinking. Ayurveda helps to maintain health in a person by using the inherent principles of nature. In essence Ayurveda has been in existence since the beginning of time because we have always been governed by nature’s laws. Ayurveda, the ancient Science of life, is believed to be the knowledge handed down from the Gods themselves. It was developed into what it is today by great sages and rishis of vast wisdom and knowledge. A lot of research followed with physicians studying the anatomy of the human body by dissection, examining the various conditions of patients as well as investigating the cause and cure for every malady. Consequently Ayurveda developed and the interest in this phenomenal way of healing grew exponentially. Ayurveda soon emerged into two- the school of medicine and the school of surgery. The school of medicine was propounded by the physician Charaka and of surgery by Susrutha. Susrutha who lived in the 6th century BC is considered to be the father of modern surgery. He is credited to be the author of ‘Susrutha Samhitha’, a treatise covering all aspects of Ayurveda and which is referred to by physicians even now. Evidence shows that Susrutha possessed deep and thorough knowledge of the functioning of the human body and complicated surgical procedures. He understood the causes behind ailments such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity etc. He is also known to have performed cataract surgeries, plastic surgeries and so on. Famed to be the ‘Father of Anatomy’, Charaka authored the Ayurvedic treatise Charaka Samhitha covering various aspects of physiology, embryology, pathology and etiology. He was well acquainted with the principles of anatomy, metabolism, immunity, genetics and so on. It was as per his scheme  that Ayurveda was divided into eight branches. Vaghbata, who is supposed to have lived in the 7th century AD, wrote the treatises named Ashtanga Sangraha and Ashtanga Hridaya Samhitha. Ashtanga Hridaya combined the teachings of Charaka and Susrutha and revised it with up-to-date observations in herbology, surgery and treatment methods. The three texts, Susrutha Samhitha, Charaka Samhitha and Ashtanga Sangraha, are considered to be the oldest texts in Ayurveda and which laid the foundation of medicine. The next notable contributor to Ayurveda is Madhavacharya who specialized in the diagnosis of diseases and came up with the book ‘Madhava Nidana’ in the 12th century. Sharangadhara, in the 14th century, became well-known as the authority on pharmacology and as the author of ‘Sharangadhara Samhitha’. Considered to be among the best physicians in the 16th century, Bhavamishra combined his learning and observations in the book ‘Bhava Prakasha’. These three books are regarded as the Laghu Traya or Junior Triad of Ayurveda classics. The benefits of Ayurveda are many: * The Ayurvedic approach to an illness is holistic and therefore after an Ayurvedic treatment a person will find an improvement in their physical, mental and psychological conditions. * The ingredients used in Ayurvedic medicines are mostly derived from herbs, plants, flowers, fruits etc. making it a remedy close to nature. * There are practically no side effects for Ayurvedic medicine. * Ayurveda has been found to be an effective cure for many chronic diseases. * An Ayurveda treatment can bring about wellness to the entire body and will be in effect for a longer time than Allopathic treatment. * Ayurveda not only helps in treating diseases but also in preventing the occurrence of diseases. * Ayurveda gives guidelines on how to keep away diseases by means of simple dietary and lifestyle changes. * Ayurvedic medicines are good even for healthy people since they are restorative in nature and helps in nourishing the body  and enhancing mental ability. * Ayurvedic treatment and medicines are comparatively cheaper than other systems of medicine. * Ayurveda recommends readily available herbs and spices for minor ailments. * Ayurvedic therapies can give relief from stress and rejuvenating the body. * Principles of Ayurveda Ayurveda Philosophy * Ayurveda, the Upaveda of Adharva Veda, is one of the most ancient and unique healing systems in the world. It is based on an innate philosophy explained in detail in the Vedas, the Upanishads, the Bhagavat Gita and other religious texts. The four main objectives of human life are Dharm (Duty), Arth (Wealth), Kaam (Desire) and Moksha (Salvation). Moksha, or the liberation from the cycle of births and rebirths is the ultimate goal of an individual. For attaining Moksha, one needs a sound body and mind, plus the instinct to preserve his health. It naturally paved way to a well-framed medical system in India. As per the principles of Ayurveda, every human being is a microcosm of the universe, that is, a universe within the universe. Everything in this universe is connected. Ayurveda advocates that the relationship and interaction between energy and matter, individual and consciousness determine the health of a person. Vaidya or physician is a bridge between the microcosm and macrocosm. In fact he is the dynamic system controller keeping the two complementary systems in equipoise. This concept of Man as an Epitome of universe is the hallmark of entire Ayurvedic philosophy. Cosmogony The origin of universe is explained in Indian philosophy by the concept of Mahabhutas. According to this concept every living and non-living being in this universe comprises five eternal elements called Pancha Mahabhuthas. In Ayurveda, contemplating beyond this concept is not the job of a physician or researcher. Concept of the Mahabhutas or the five aspects of the  Universe.

cloning enigma :: essays research papers

Year 2004: A father goes to a hospital and enters the room of a genetic engineer. â€Å" Sir I want to have a child.† Doctor, â€Å"What gender?† â€Å" A boy, blue eyes, blonde hair, fair skin , good height and intelligence equivalent to Einstein’s.† Doctor,† Sorry sir, no Einstiens, no Aristotles, Government isn’t allowing any more. You know the student councils have been shouting their heads off, cause the Sommerfield Wave equation has been changed so often.† Brace yourselves fellow human beings, for the onslaught of technology in the ensuing years. Owing to the rapid progress being made in genetics, you and I might be declared a rare species in the years to come. ‘Designer Babies’ will be the order of the day. Alas! The first human clone being bred in American Laboratories will not grow into a human being like us mortals! But it possesses a replication of our Genetic Code. The cells will continue to multiply like in any of us but unlike us they would be on a laboratory’s culture discs. The basic purpose behind this million dollar Genome Project is to create healthy cells free from any diseases and use them to cure ailing people. I personally feel that this entire project is a wonderful step towards eradicating lethal like AIDS and cancer. However, many people view this achievement in a negative manner by blaming the doctors for ‘playing God’. They believe that creating an artificial human clone is a direct revolt against nature’s equilibrium. However, it must not be forgotten that God has assigned man the role of serving humanity in any way possible. And, I view this human clone as a promising solution to many problems. Another conservative view is; the technology available today is not advanced enough to ensure that the clone develops steadily into a disease free source of cells. The cloned sheep, Dolly developing symptoms of arthritis at a young age, has specially proved this. Nevertheless, one must be aware of the fact that it is a trial and error process which will gradually lead to more reliable

Reservation System

Introduction Many systems used an automation process like using computer system, due to effiency and accuracy. Hotel Reservation is a transaction processing system,In this system there are more advantages rather tha a manual Hotel Reservation. The Cattleya Garden Villas started without any plan at all. The owner, Ms. Imelda S. Torres has only a free vacant lot and shejust want to make it productive. She got the idea from her friends and relatives in United States where they are coming over here in the Philippines for a vacation, but they’re house is too small for them so they decided to build a villa to have privacy, take a rest and feel the comfort like they’re in the other country. Another reason is that it is much more of the accessibility wherein the place is located only in Guagua, so visitors in town or the balikbayans can go in this place right away. The mission of the Cattleya Garden Villas is to be able to give a place to the Balikbayans where they can stay longer and feel relax with the ambiance of the garden villa that is not offered with the other hotels. The vision of Cattleya Garden Villas is to give a quality and comfort of the rooms, courteous services, and friendly atmosphere and great service to the customers where they can be proud of. They have a Standard Room for 2 persons only and a 4 rooms, a Villa has 2 rooms for 4 persons and they are building a barkada room 8 persons they have also a Function Hall for any events like wedding, debut, baptism, birthday etc. and if they want to have food catering they will provide for it. The rooms are completely furnished and it is centralized, they have dining table, comfort room, kitchen where you customers can surely rest and it has a free breakfast and it has a Wi-Fi zone. The procedure of the current system of Cattleya Garden Villas is manually getting the information from t he clients or customers; they entertain reservations through phone calls, the payment is 50% deposit and the other half is paid on the day of the event thru cash or credit card. Statement of the Problem The proposed Website and Online Reservation System for Cattleya Garden Villas aims to answer the following problems. General Problem The study aims to develop a â€Å"Website and Online Reservation System for Cattleya Garden Villas † that will provide more advantages and reliability for the user and make it more efficient and secure. Specific Problem How will the researchers manage and secure the guests information, sales report, and customers payments? How will the proponents search and retrieve files for reservation like room information and other amenities? How will the proponents improve the existing billing system to make it more responsive to customer’s need? How will the proponents handle the inconviences brought about by the manual process of accepting customers reservation? Objective of the Study This study aims to solve the problems encountered and to improve the current reservation system. General Objective The study intends to develop a â€Å"Website and Online Reservation System for Cattleya Garden Villas † that will provide faster, efficient and responsive for the user. Specific Objective To limit the number of the users that can operate the proposed system with username and password. To provide a Quick Summary Reports shows the details about total sales figure of the month. To provide a system that will automatically compute for the reservations accounts of the guests. To develop a system that will easily search and retrieve files like room information and amenities. To provide a billing statement that can print the customer’s transactions. Reservation System COMPUTERIZED RESERVATION SYSTEM (RACE TO 3 BILLIARD BAR AND RESTAURANT) II. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY The objective of the study is to develop the existing system to computerized reservation system. And also to know what is more effective system for reserving services in the company such as Food reserving, Tables and chairs reserving, and Function room reserving, between proposed computerized reservation system and exist manual system. The objective of the study is the assertion statement of the problem with the general objectives and specific objectives desired outcome of the research process.General Objective The general objective of the study is to develop the existing system to proposed computerize reservation system in able to help customers of reserving foods, tables, and function to the company. As well as to help the manufacturer to manage all the records of the company. Specific Objective These are the following objectives that the researcher would like to achieve. * To analyze the proposed computerized reservation system and exist manual system. * To identify the weakness of the two system. To identify the uses of the proposed system. * To be able to make the process of reserving services get easier. * To be able to lessen time consumed in manual system. III. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM The existing system of the restaurant has not so develop to use, that’s why we proposed computerized system for the different reservations of restaurant bar, RACE TO 3 BILLIARD BAR AND RESTAURANT, to be able to build up the function of the restaurant among all the customers. But the purpose of the roposed system is to answer the following questions: 1. What will be the benefits of the proposed system compare to the existing system? 2. What are the purposes of the proposed system for the company? 3. How to use the proposed system in able to develop the existing system. 4. Would it affect the investment or the funds of the restaurant if the proposed system is implemente d? 5. What are the advantages of the proposed system? 6. What are the disadvantages of the proposed system? 7. How the proposed system flows?

The schematization of aesthetics was founded in Ancient times

The schematization of aesthetics was founded in Ancient times, which is manifested in Plato and Aristotle’s philosophies. Plato stance on aesthetic is very negative because it can distract the innate nature of soul. But his pessimism on aesthetics specifically of arts in general is best represented in his conjecture that an art â€Å"is thrice removed from reality†. Aristotle, on the other hand, has positive note on aesthetics because he sees art as representation of Forms or of truth. From these two ancient philosophers, the debate and conceptualization of aesthetics has transformed greatly in different periods. Friedrich Nietzsche posits that aesthetics is a means of preservation, meaning, beauty for him is encapsulated in terms of life prolongation. Leo Tolstoy postulated that aesthetics is based on peasant artistry because these workers understand the beauty of life. The complexities of aesthetics have metamorphosized throughout the progression of different civilizations and epochs of philosophy. In line with this, contemporary aestheticians like Jun'ichiro Tanizaki and Susanne K. Langer joined the bandwagon to advance aesthetics epistemic views. And these contemporary philosophers agreed on one point, that aesthetics or the valuation of beauty, as well as, its intricacies, nuances and elements, is greatly influenced by geographic positioning. This assertion was deduced from the fact that in every period novel idea on aesthetics sprouted wherein this period shaped new debates on the topic at hand. In summation, each period in philosophy supplemented new keys on the development of philosophy. In Tanizaki’s In Praise of Shadows, he juxtaposed Oriental aestheticism to Western aestheticism wherein he highlighted the significance of going back to the remnants of the past because it served as the defining moment of every stance on arts. He argued that one must embrace his own aesthetics even if it is tarnished and old because it is the precursor of one’s culture and tradition, and therefore, any concept of beauty from foreign culture must be disregarded altogether since it can eradicate the innate nature of one’s aesthetics. This is very prominent in the character of Tanizaki because when he was just a budding novelist he appreciated Western aestheticism, which has influenced his writing during those times, until he realized that he must represent Japanese concept of arts and beauty through literature. Tanizaki conjectured that the key note in Japanese concept of beauty is founded on the ideas of shadow. The architectural blueprint of traditional Japanese highly embodies shadows manifested through the quiet and murky interiors, which emanates a nostalgic atmosphere due to the independent existence and presence of shadows.   Tanizaki reinforced his idea of shadow in the articulateness of beauty in the form of polished tableware, temple toilets, kimonos, and Japanese stage, which are highly affected by the intensity of its dark spectrum. In lieu to this, Tanizaki pointed out that if light was applied on Japanese aesthetics all of its essence will diminish because light is the attribute of Western aestheticism, and likewise will happen if darkness was incorporated to Western arts. His basis on the above mentioned arguments is embedded on his credence on the delineation of Western culture and Japanese culture. According to Tanizaki, Western citizens in ancient times give importance to gold because it emanates unspeakable beauty when candlelight reflects it. On the other hand, Japanese people vehemently dislike light because it exposes the imperfection of their own white skin. According to Thomas J. Harper (translator of In Praise of Shadows), Tanizaki distinguish Japanese aestheticism based on shadows because it shows an unfathomable yet beautiful reverence and somberness, which is lacking in the magnificently lit arts of the West. Like Tanizaki, Langer also believed that one’s perception of aesthetics is dependent of his geographic positioning. At the first chapter of her book entitled Philosophy in a New Key: A Study in the Symbolism of Reason, Rite, and Art, she defined philosophy as â€Å"characterized more by the formulation of its problems than by its solutions of them†[1], which implies that each groups or societies see things in different perspectives and in their perception of things, they have their own understanding of what they see and have their own questions about it. Therefore, when it comes to beauty or aesthetics definitive schema, each society has the authority to posit their own stance about it, and mostly their stance is deeply rooted in culture and tradition. Tanizaki’s key of aesthetics is logically plausible in Langer’s philosophy since she espoused a relativistic means of understanding the nature of things and the contingency of the universe, in context with aesthetics. But Langer has her own philosophic inclination on beauty, wherein her key is discourse and representation. For Langer, aesthetics expresses the emotive form of arts through symbols and logic. But it must be noted that she saw that the main problem in expressing aesthetic is the means of expressing it. According to her, music possesses a degree of mood or emotion towards the meaning of life wherein it represents a form of epistemic valuation and truth. This music that embodies a certain feeling of purely perceptible matters can be expressed in innumerable manners, but the musician has to figure out which manner because wrong choice of manner will annihilate the content of its emotion and its purity. In toto, Langer saw philosophy as perpetually progressing, as well as aesthetics, because different epochs have either discovered or created a new key to elucidate the universe. She purported that the fecundity of new keys in the philosophical realm will always exists because human understanding is innately transformational. Unlike most philosophers like Bertrand Russell who argued that novel ideas in philosophy is impossible because what is left to humanity is to recycle old philosophies, Langer believed that the pasts has influenced on our present cogito but it does not necessarily follow that it will shape the present landscape of philosophizing. The point is that man’s rationality is not fixed; therefore present and future generation can discover or create a new motif of intellectual intercourse, which will eventually define the philosophy of their period. Tanizaki and Langer’s philosophies on aesthetics are significant because of its willingness and openness to the possibility of new keys, in terms of new perspectives and theories. It broadens the horizon of philosophical enterprise since new schemes and conceptualizations are doomed to realization. The only danger on their stance on the concept of â€Å"new keys† is that it jeopardized the universality of things, specifically of aesthetics or beauty. Their postulate that aesthetics valuation is based on geographic positioning or dependent of one’s social constructs breathes relativism, meaning, every perspective on aesthetic is sound and valid, or to put it simply â€Å"beauty is in the eye of the beholder†. And worse, the innateness of aesthetics seems impossible to be exposed because of diverse perceptions on it. REFERENCE: Langer, Susanne K. Philosophy in a New Key: A Study in the Symbolism of Reason, Rite, and Art 3rd edition ed: Harvard University Press, 1957. Tanizaki, Junichiro. In Praise of Shadows. Trans. Charles Moore, Edward G. Seidensticker and Thomas J. Harper: Leetes Island Books 1980. [1] Langer, Susanne. Philosophy in a New Key: A Study in the Symbolism of Reason, Rite, and Art.   Harvard University Press, 1957 p.4.